Pulsar timing arrays Nanohertz gravitational waves

The universe at nanohertz frequencies

FUGU — finite-source unveiling of the gravitational-wave universe.

Collaboration and tools for exploring the gravitational-wave background, its brightest sources, and the unresolved remainder.

Explore the preprints Tools in development
FUGU’s inflated Nebula pufferfish, with blue-violet gradients, cyan tail, amber fins, and a glowing galactic spiral.

The background

The full probability distribution of the background’s characteristic strain.

The brightest sources

Individual supermassive black-hole binaries that may stand out from the background.

The unresolved remainder

The combined signal of the sources that remain unresolved.

The science behind FUGU

Three preprints. A shared foundation.

  1. arXiv:2406.17010

  2. arXiv:2606.18241

  3. arXiv:2609.07703